Technology, Process and Cost Comparison
Apple Face ID Comparison 2025 - Including Metasurface
Comparison analysis of Apple face ID in iPad Pro 13” with first use of metasurfaces for diffraction vs. iPhone 16 Pro
SPR25930key Features
- Detailed photos
- Precise measurements
- Die analysis
- Package analysis
- Materials analysis
- Manufacturing process flow
- Supply chain evaluation
- Manufacturing cost analysis
- Physical Comparisons
- Technical Comparisons
- Cost Comparisons
What's new
- Comparison of iPad Pro 13” (2024) with iPhone 16 Pro face ID
- The first metasurface introduced in Apple consumer product appeared with iPad Pro 13”.
Product's objectives
- This comparative report analyzes the two distinct configurations of the Face ID module in Apple’s iPhone 16 Pro and iPad Pro 13. It aims to understand how metasurfaces can replace conventional optics, offering potential advantages in performance and design. The report synthesizes insights from comprehensive physical, technical, supply chain, and cost analyses.
According to our Optical Metasurfaces 2024 report, metasurfaces are expected to be initially utilized in 3D sensing modules operating at a single-wavelength near-infrared. Revenue growth will be driven by the mobile segment, which is projected to reach $443 million by 2029, primarily through the integration of metasurfaces in dToF multizone array modules (for autofocus assist) and facial recognition modules. The first metasurface featured in an Apple consumer product was introduced with the iPad Pro 13”.
This comparative report examines the two different configurations of the Face ID module in two Apple products—the iPhone 16 Pro and the iPad Pro 13". It synthesizes the findings from detailed physical, technical, supply chain, and cost analyses of the following components: module assembly, NIR CMOS image sensor, diffractive optical element, optical diffuser, dot projector VCSEL, flood illuminator VCSEL, VCSEL driver, and lens modules. The goal is to understand how facial recognition requirements influence design choices, technical features, and manufacturing costs.
In the iPhone 16 Pro, the need for a compact module that minimizes surface area on the front of the phone has led to the integration of the dot projector and infrared camera into a single module. This design optimizes space and enhances the device’s aesthetics. In contrast, the iPad Pro 13” features a Face ID system consisting of a separate dot projector module and NIR camera module, allowing for the use of a larger VCSEL that increases the number of projected dots, enhancing efficiency and ergonomics in both landscape and portrait modes. The dot projector module incorporates an advanced DOE with a polysilicon nanopillar structure to enhance optical beam diffraction. Additionally, it features a newly designed resistor structure connected to the lead frame, which prevents VCSEL activation if the DOE is damaged.
Overview
- Executive Summary
- Reverse Costing
- Methodology
- Glossary
Company & Supply Chain
- Company Profiles
- Players & Market Context
- Supply Chain
Physical Comparison
- Overview
- Dot Projector VCSEL’s
- Flood Illuminator VCSEL’s
- DOE’s
- Optical Diffuser
Manufacturing Processes
- iPhone 16 Pro
- Face ID DOE
- Global Shutter CIS
- VCSEL
- iPad Pro 13 Face ID
- DOE
Cost Comparison
- Overview
- DOEs & Optical Diffuser
- Dot Projector VCSEL’s
- Flood Illuminator VCSEL’s
- Drivers
- Image Sensors
- Optics
- Module Costs
Physical Analysis
- iPhone 16 Pro Teardown
- Overview
- Module Cross Section
- Proximity Sensor
- Global Shutter CIS
- DOE
- Dot Projector VCSEL
- Flood Illuminator VCSEL
- VCSEL Driver
-
iPad Pro 13 Teardown
- Dot Projector overview
- DOE & Optical Diffuser
- Dot Projector VCSEL
- Flood Illuminator VCSEL
- VCSEL Driver Die
- NIR Camera overview
- Camera Module
- Global Shutter CIS
- Dot Projector overview
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