Power Electronics for Automotive - Focus on Passenger and Light Commercial Vehicles

A123, ABB, Actron Technology, AESC, Aisin, Aiways, Alpha & Omega semiconductor, Analog Devices, Ankai, Aptiv, Arrival, Auton, BAIC, BMW, BorgWarner, Bosch, Broad-Ocean, Brightloop, Brusa, Bugatti, BYD, CALB, Camel Group, CanSemi, CATL, Centum, Chang’an, Chery, ChipOn, Continental, CR Micro, CRRC, CWB, Daco, Dana,Eaton, Daihatsu, Danfoss, Deloitte, Delphi, Delta Electronics, Denso, Dialog, Diodes, Diotec, Dongfeng Motor, Dowa, Draxlmaier, EEO, EGTronics, Enkris Semiconductor, Enpower, Episil, EVTech, FAW, Ferrari, Findreams Powertrain, Ford, Forvia, Foxconn, Fuji Electric, Fukuta, GAC, GaN Systems, Geely, Global Wafers, GKN, GM, Great Power, Great Wall, Hasco, Hertz, Hella, Hiphi, Hino, Hitachi, HHGrace, Honda, Hota, Hozon, Huawei, Huayu, Hyundai, Hyundai Mobis, IEPC, II-VI, Infineon, Innoscience, Inovance, Ionity, Isuzu, JAC, Jaguar-Land Rover, Jatco, JEE, JGD, JJE, Kia, Kostal, Leadrive, Leapmotor, Lear, LG Chem, Li Auto, Lion Electric, Littlefuse, Lucid Motors, Luxshare, Macmic, Magna, Magnachip, Mahle, Mahindra & Mahindra, Maruti Suzuki, Marelli, Maxim Integrated, Mazda, Meta Systems, McLaren, Meiden, Megmeet, Mercedes-Benz, Microchip, Mitsubishi Electric, Mistubishi, Fuso, Mitsubishi Motors, Momentum, Nexperia, Neta, NFA, Nichicon, Nidec, NIO, Nissan, Niutron, Okmetic, ON semiconductor, OPP Charge, Panasonic, Porsche, Power Integration, Proterra, Punch Powertain, Qualcomm, Renault, Renesas, Ricardo, Rivian, Rohm, Rolls Royce, RWE, SAIC, SAIC Iveco Hongyan, SAGW, Sail, Samsung SDI, Sanan, SanKen, Sany, Semikron, Schaeffler, SGMW, Shanghai E-drive, Shenzhen Si Semiconductors, Siltronic, ShinDengen, ShinEtsu, Shinry, ShowaDenko, SiEn, Sil Terra, Silan, Sina Weibo, SK siltron, Skyworth, SMEC, Soitec, Sokon, Stellantis, STMicroelectronics, Subaru, Sumco, SunEdition, Sungrow, Suzuki, Tata Motors, TDK, Tesla, Texas Instruments, Togg, Toshiba, TotalEnergies, Toyota, Trinno,TSMC, TYSiC, UAES, Umicore, Valéo, Valeo-Siemens, Vinfast, VisIC, Vishay, Vitesco technologies, Vmax, Volkswagen, Volvo, Volvo Trucks, Vremt, Wafer Works, WeEn, Weltmeister, Witricity, WLY, Wolfspeed, XFab, Xiaomi, XPeng, XPT, Yangjie Technology, Yutong, ZF and more.

• Glossary
• xEV classification and terms used in this report
• Table of contents
• Report objectives
• Report scope
• Report methodology and definitions
• About the author
• Companies cited in this report
• What we got right, what we got wrong
• Who should be interested in this report
• Yole Group related reports
• Four-page summary
• Executive summary
• Context
  • Accelerated electrification beats all forecasts
  • Rebuilding automotive value chain
• Market forecasts
  • xEV market forecast
  • xEV converter market
  • xEV main inverter market
  • xEV power device market
  • xEV power device Si substrate market
  • xEV power device SiC substrate market
• Market trends
  • Overview of driving forces
  • Global Carbon-neutral goal
  • OEM strategy re-alignment to BEV
  • End customer acceptance
  • BEV price parity
  • Progress in charging infrastructure deployment
  • ‘Tesla Effect’
  • COVID-19 impacts
  • Norway, a case study of (nearly) full electrification
  • Electrification of commercial vehicles
• Supply Chain
  • Main BEV OEMs
    • Global BEV OEMs
    • Worldwide BEV OEM performance
  • Main hybrid vehicle OEMs
    • Global PHEV OEMs
    • Worldwide PHEV OEM performance
    • Worldwide HEV OEM performance
  • System suppliers
    • Systems used in xEV (inverter, DC/DC, OBC, etc.)
    • Who supplies to whom
  • Device suppliers
  • FCEV supply chain
  • China focus
  • Tesla supply chain analysis
• Technology trends
  • From range to efficiency
  • Modularity approach in BEV platforms
  • E-axle integration
  • Integration of high voltage systems
  • 800V systems
  • Wide bandgap materials (SiC & GaN)
  • Main inverter topology
  • Power electronics packaging
  • Inverter cost breakdown
  • Affordable BEVs
  • Hybrid technologies
  • Trends in e-motors, batteries, and charging systems
• Outlook
• Yole Développement Presentation

Why EV keep beating forecast: long-term and short-term driving forces

Electric vehicle (xEV) penetration has been booming for a few years. This report discusses the different drivers for faster inclusion in the market. Yole expects a 21% Compound Annual Growth Rate from 2021-2027 (CAGR2021-2027) for the global xEV market, accelerating across all markets. Along with fast-growing BEV adoption, hybrid technologies will also grow substantially. The different technologies’ penetration depends on the region.
The power electronics market will get a strong boost from applications such as inverters, On-Board Chargers (OBC), and DC to DC converters. The penetration of SiC MOSFET modules for main inverters has already started and will be remarkable. These modules will reach 28% CAGR2021-2027, with advantages including fast charging capability, high efficiency, and compactness on device and system levels. The supply-demand balance issue is more acute for SiC, for which capacity is expanding hugely.
This report gives forecasts for vehicle volumes, electrification types, converters and power semiconductor devices. It also provides required Si and SiC wafer amounts.

More vertical integration of OEMs, with increasing level of integration and reshuffling supply chain

The rapid electrification trend is creating a whole new supply chain, far from conventional internal combustion engines. That includes a new electric powertrain, made up of batteries, e-motors, and inverters, plus other supportive sub-systems, including OBCs, DC/DC converters, Power Distribution Units (PDUs), and other auxiliaries. For most of the sub-systems, power electronics components are key.
This attracts a group of new suppliers, some even from industries other than automotive. This ‘invasion’ is more evident in emerging countries and regions, particularly in China.
Remarkably, more vehicle-making Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) are moving to vertical integration. Some merge the responsibility for systems normally produced by Tier 1 part suppliers to OEMs’ in-house efforts. Some even penetrate device design and manufacturing, normally done by Tier 2 suppliers. The main drivers of this disruptive trend is the assurance of key supply chain security, and the rather high speed of innovation of BEVs, which is better supported by vertical integration.
The journey towards electrification is rather exciting. Yet it is still critical for all players to carefully examine their own positions and competences, and to work out strategies suitable for the highly dynamic xEV business.

Power electronics towards high efficiency and low cost are the key in success

Efficiency improvement brings multiple benefits to electrified vehicles. Clearly this requires a holistic approach, where the electric powertrain plays an important role. Power electronic devices are the critical elements in electronic converters for functions and costs. There is a shift from Si IGBT modules to SiC MOSFET modules, as the latter come with lower losses, compactness, and better compatibility with ultra-fast charging. The transition is speeding up with enormous planned SiC capacity reaching mass production in coming years.
Another key trend is sub-system integration. This is not only a technical choice, but also dramatically changes the supply chain. More OEMs are moving to be ‘system integrators’ themselves and contracting directly with key component suppliers.
Technologies keep evolving to higher performance, including system voltage moving from 400V to 800V and device cooling solutions moving from mainstream single side direct water cooling to more effective double side direct water cooling.
Many updates regarding integration, packaging, semiconductors, and topologies used in different converters are included in this new edition of the report.

What's new:

• Broader discussion on the context of vehicle electrification
• Si and SiC substrate forecast for xEV
• New summary on the driving forces of xEV
• ‘Tesla Effect’ in global automotive industry and its supply chain
• Review of PEV adoption in Norway
• Hybrid vehicle supply chain and technologies
• Integration of high voltage systems
• Affordable BEV strategies

Product objectives:

• In the report, the objective is to answer the following questions:
  • WHY is vehicle electrification so critical and WHY has it developed so rapidly in recent years?
    • Vehicle electrification is the intersection of two mega trends
    • Five long-term and two short-term driving forces identified
  • HOW will the market evolve?
    • Seven-year rolling forecasts on all levels of the supply chain: xEV > system > device > wafer markets
  • WHAT is the market situation?
    • Detailed supply chain summaries on all levels: market performance, major players, who-supplies-to-whom
    • Focus on China and the local supply chain
  • WHAT are the key technologies and business opportunities?
    • Shifting business paradigm enabled by new technologies at all levels
    • Thorough review of key technology advances for platform, integration, 800V, SiC and GaN.